今年4月下旬には、ベエル・シェバにいた（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20140614）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150810）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150812）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150821）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150830）。
ベドウィンの村Huraやベングリオン大学を訪問し、ベドウィン村長やベドウィン人研究者やイスラーム運動に参加しているというベドウィンのリーダーにも会った（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150530）。「イスラエル国防軍に参加するベドウィンは敗者だ」と、堂々と述べたリーダーのことは、今でも印象深い。
パイプス先生のきれいなアラビア語を近くで聞けたのもこの時だったし、十八番の"I challenge you”で単刀直入に質問されると回避する傾向のあるベドウィン系イスラエル人には、テル・アヴィヴ生まれで一年の半分はフロリダで過ごしているという旅の企画者のR氏が（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150525）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150526）、即座にヘブライ語で同じ質問を重ねて本音を引き出すなど、日本では味わえない経験が楽しかった。お互いにしぶとさと執念深さには年季が入っているというのか、絶対に自らの優位性を譲らないので、私のようなお茶漬け民族の出る幕は全くなかったのだが、だからこそ、静かな理解者たらんと努めることが大切なのだろうとも思った。
しかも、英語圏のユダヤ系中心の旅団に一人果敢に加えていただいたので、帰国直後よりも（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150511）、半年ほど経った今の方が、その意義をより深く思い起こすところである。
もちろん、今でも散発的に、旅団メンバーからメールが届く。大抵は、私の知る限り、日本の一般メディアでほとんど報道されていない貴重なニュース分析や、欧米諸国でのムスリム動向のYou Tubeや、反セム主義を告発する最新フィルムなどの紹介である。
例えば、今ホットな話題のシリアだが、キューバ軍がアサド政権支持のためにロシアの手で派遣されているのに、キューバ紙では否定されているという分析が、オーストラリアのシドニーから届いた。そのおじさまは元海軍勤務で、旅行当時まではアボット政権を支援する活動もしていたらしいが（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150513）、アボット氏自身については「いい人だけど、政策は今一つだねぇ」と私におっしゃった。アボット氏が首相を退陣された今では、何とお琴を購入して、自宅に飾っているらしい。写真が送られてきたが、灼熱のヨルダンのペトラを一時間ほど二人で歩いて戻った道中、日本文化に好意的だと私に言われたことは、まんざらお世辞でもなかったことが、これで判明した。
また、旅程の最初から、唯一の日本女性だからなのか、目ざとく私の言動を注視していたイェール出身の男性は（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150513）、英語がわかるということで、私に新たな仕事を依頼してこられた。
この夏には、突然現れたパイプス先生を巡る暴露本を読んだりして一時期考えさせられたこともあったが（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150805）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150807）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150810）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150817）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150820）、結果的に、内実として私にはこの方向で正解だった、とつくづく感じる。機を狙って、しっかりとチャンスを捕まえていたのだ。
昨日はアメリカのユダヤ系の組織代表者の講演を京都まで久しぶりに聞きに行った。東大でも講演され、安倍首相とも面会予定だとのこと。だが、一般向けのためか、内容が導入程度だった。フロアからのせっかくの英語の質問も、いかにも初歩的あるいは左翼思想の影響を受けたとすぐにわかるもので、「ハマス憲章を読みなさい」と講演者から注意されてしまうなど、極めて残念だったことを思えば、なおさらである。その意味では、逆説的だが家にいる私の方が、遙かに世界情勢と密着した暮らしをしていることになる。
さて、冒頭のベエル・シェバとベドウィン問題については、早速、以下のニュースが飛び込んできた。ベドウィン関連は必ずしもこれが初めてではないが、旅で見聞きしたことが現実になると、「パイピシュ先生は、やっぱり千里眼ですねぇ！」
Algemeiner（https://www.algemeiner.com）
Jubilant Palestinians Hand Out Candy to Celebrate Deadly Attack in Beer Sheva; Hamas Calls Carnage ‘Heroic Act’
19 October 2015
Ruthie Blum
Following Sunday evening’s stabbing and shooting attack at the Central Bus Station in the southern Israeli city of Beer Sheva, during which IDF soldier Omri Levy (19) was killed and many other commuters wounded, candy was distributed to passers-by in the streets of Shuafat, in east Jerusalem, to celebrate the “victory” of the successful act of terrorism against Jews, Israeli news website Walla reported on Monday.
The terrorist, later identified as 21-year-old Muhanad Alukabi of the Israeli Bedouin village of Hura, had wrested the soldier’s rifle, and shot at commuters, before being killed by Israeli security forces.
During the attack, Haptom Zarhum – a migrant worker from Eritrea – was thought to have been an accomplice to the terror attack. He, too, was shot by security forces on the scene and subsequently killed by a mob of angry citizens. Police launched an investigation and were seeking suspects in what Israeli media began calling a “lynch.”
Meanwhile Hamas in the Gaza Strip glorified Alukabi’s attack, with a spokesman calling the event “another heroic act against the occupation, which is in high alert. This confirms the resistance of our people, who will not be deterred by anything.”
He added that the attack at Beer Sheva’s central station was a response to the “fatal executions committed by the occupation army,” Hamas’ epithet for the Israel Defense Forces.
Times of Israel （http://www.timesofisrael.com）
Bedouin leaders condemn ‘despicable’ Beersheba attack
Heads of minority community in Negev urge calm after Bedouin man carries out fatal attack in bus station, express hope that terrorist shooting won’t harm Arab-Jewish relations
by Adiv Sterman
19 October 2015
Israeli Bedouin leaders on Monday expressed shock, surprise and outrage at news that the perpetrator of Sunday’s deadly terrorist attack at the Beersheba central bus station was an Israeli Arab from a Bedouin village east of the city, in the country’s Negev region.
Muhanad Alukabi, 21, a resident of an unrecognized village near the Bedouin town of Hura, was shot dead at the scene after shooting and killing IDF soldier Omri Levi and wounding 11 other people. An Eritrean asylum seeker was shot during the incident, when security forces apparently mistook him for a second terrorist. The man, who later died in the hospital, was named as 29-year-old Haftom Zarhum.
“Following [Sunday’s] terrorist attack at the Beersheba central bus station in which two innocent people lost their lives, we utterly and unreservedly condemn this despicable act and reject violence of any sort,” Hura Mayor Mohammed Alnabari said in a statement as community leaders gathered for an urgent meeting.
“Although, contrary to reports in the media, the terrorist is not a resident of Hura, we condemn this act on behalf of the entire Bedouin society and wish to make clear that you cannot be both a terrorist and a citizen of the country; the two are inherently contradictory,” he continued.
“We call upon all the residents of the Negev, Arabs and Jews, to preserve and protect the relations between the two peoples for the benefit of us all. We pray for better and quieter days in which all the citizens of the country live together in peace.”
According to the Shin Bet security service, Alukabi’s mother was originally from the Gaza Strip and was granted citizenship because she was married to an Israeli Arab. The terrorist had no previous criminal record.
Alkubi’s father, Khalil, also condemned his son’s attack and stressed that he deplored any form of violence.
“This is an individual act carried out by my son on his own accord,” Khalil Alkubi said, according to the Maariv news site. “We are against violence.”
Talal al-Krenawi, the mayor of Rahat, a large Bedouin city near Beersheba, said the shooting caught the community by surprise.
“His family is not known as a family that encourages acts of terrorism,” al-Krenawi told Channel 2. “The head of their family, Sheikh Alukabi, helped establish this state,” he added. “This is why we are even more shocked; we really cannot comprehend it.”
Al-Krenawi stressed that the Bedouin community at large was not supportive of terrorism, and expressed hope that no other members of the minority would take part in attacks against Israelis.
“Any harm to innocent civilians, both Arabs and Jews, is not acceptable to us,” he declared, according to Channel 2 television. “We live in the Negev, Bedouins and Jews, as brothers. Any attempt to damage our relationship will not be accepted. We are not part of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.”
Nuri Alukabi, a relative of the terrorist, said that while the family felt disrespected by Israeli authorities, those sentiments were under no circumstances an excuse for violence.“Israel did not respect us even though we were one of the most respectable families in the Negev,” he told Channel 2. “They screwed us over and dispossessed us from everything, but that does not justify violence.”
Alukabi did not elaborate any further on the details of the dispute between his family and the state.
But Osama Alukabi, another one of the terrorist’s relatives, told the Maariv news site that it was violence and discrimination carried out by the state that ultimately led to acts such as the Beersheba attack.
“We are against violence in general; however, the authorities of the country which practice violence, discrimination and racism are leading some young people to employ desperate measures,” he said. “We are for peaceful protests and we do not think this is the way, although on this hard day we must say the truth, the racism of the government pushes young people to carry out such extreme measures.”
Earlier Monday, Culture and Sports Minister Miri Regev called on the government to revoke the Israeli citizenship of the mother of the Bedouin terrorist.
“His mother is a resident of Gaza who came to Israel to marry an Israeli citizen,” Regev, a Likud party lawmaker, said. “Now we need to revoke her identity card and expel her and the entire family of the murderer back to Gaza.”
Other members of Alukabi’s family have been arrested by police on suspicion of aiding and abetting the terrorist, who had no prior security record.
・Judah Ari Gross contributed to this report.
（転載終）
ちなみに、2015年5月15日付メールで、パイプス先生から以下のニュースを知らされていたのだった。我々が訪問した「Huraがニュースに」なった、ということで。
Israeli demolition plan for Bedouin village sparks outcry
by Daniel Estrin
14 May 2015 8:23 PM EDT
UMM AL-HIRAN, Israel (AP) — Israelis are once again locked in a bitter settlement dispute with their Arab neighbors, but this time the conflict is not unfolding in the West Bank, but in Israel's southern desert.
After years of legal battles, Israel's Supreme Court last week cleared the way for the government to uproot the nearly 60-year-old Bedouin Arab village of Umm al-Hiran, a dusty hill of ramshackle dwellings without proper electricity or water hookups, and in its place build "Hiran," a new community seemingly catering to Jews that is expected to feature a hotel and country club.
The project has reignited a simmering conflict between Israel's Bedouin community, which says it is a victim of discrimination, and the government, which says it is trying to bring order to a lawless area and give a better quality of life to the impoverished minority.
Israel says the hundreds of villagers are sitting on state-owned land slated for development and is offering them free plots in a Bedouin township just down the road. But villagers say the plan is cut-and-dry Israeli discrimination — part of a broader demographic battle over the land.
"Why are the Jews allowed and we are not allowed?" said villager Salim Abu Alkiyan, a husband to three wives and father of 14 children, who has been fighting evacuation orders in court for more than a decade.
The Supreme Court says authorities should consider giving some villagers discounted plots of land in the new development, but the villagers believe a large Bedouin population wouldn't be tolerated there. A group of religious Jewish families with ties to the West Bank settlement movement are living in a temporary encampment in a nearby forest waiting to move to the future Hiran.
Liad Aviel, a spokesman of a government office for Bedouin affairs, said authorities are offering the villagers alternate housing in the nearby Bedouin township of Hura, and not in Hiran. Mixed Bedouin-Jewish communities are nonexistent, save for a smattering of Bedouin families who live in overwhelmingly Jewish communities.
The development plan is part of a larger settlement program the Israeli government has in store for its barren Negev desert. In 2002, it approved the founding of 14 new Israeli communities in the region, including Hiran, which Israeli leaders have said will strengthen "national resilience."
For decades, Israel has been trying to convince scattered, off-the-grid Bedouin villagers that it is in their interest to move into government-designated Bedouin townships, where the government can provide them with water, electricity and schools.
The matter has moved slowly. This is Bedouin country, where road signs warn of crossing camels, and Bedouin Arabs tend to resolve their internal disputes in tribal courts. Government officials negotiate the issue with the formerly nomadic tribes over tiny cups of traditional bitter coffee.
Villagers say they want to maintain their rural lifestyle, and they demand the government officially recognize their villages and hook them up to the national water system and power grid.
Advocates for the Bedouin say it is unfair that Israel is trying to consolidate dispersed Bedouin encampments while subsidizing individual Israeli families who have set up dozens of small farms throughout the Negev desert. One such farm, which has an animal hotel and pet graveyard, is a short drive away from Umm Al-Hiran.
Arab activists are gearing up to fight the planned evacuation, whose date has not been announced. The leader of a newly invigorated Arab party in parliament recently marched from Bedouin country to Jerusalem in support of the unrecognized villages, and Arab activists say they are considering renewing the street protests waged two years ago that led the government to table a large-scale Bedouin resettlement plan.
"Umm Al-Hiran is the spearhead," said Majd Kayyal of Adalah, a legal center defending Arab rights in Israel. "If this goes through, it will be easier to demolish the other villages."
Israel's more than 200,000 Bedouins are the poorest members of the country's Arab minority, which also includes Christian and Muslim urban communities. Israeli Arabs, who make up roughly 20 percent of the country's 8 million people, are citizens but often suffer discrimination and tend to identify with Palestinians in the neighboring West Bank and Gaza Strip. On Friday, Arabs in Israel and the Palestinian territories mark the anniversary of the "naqba," or catastrophe, when hundreds of thousands of people fled or were displaced during the war surrounding Israel's establishment.
The case of Umm Al-Hiran is a saga of alternating loyalties and suspicions between the formerly nomadic Bedouin and Israel, stretching back to the founding of the Jewish state in 1948. Israeli military officials relocated a section of the Abu Alkiyan clan multiple times, moving them in 1956 to their present location.
Why they were moved there is the subject of debate.
Villagers say Israel moved them to Umm Al-Hiran — very close to the West Bank border — to clear up space for military use, and entrusted the villagers with guns to protect the Israeli border area from enemy infiltrators from the West Bank, then ruled by Jordan.
According to a 1957 Israeli government memo, the clan was involved in weapons smuggling and gathering intelligence for the Jordanians, and the clan was moved to their present location, where Israel believed it could keep a close eye on them. Salim Abu Alkiyan rejects those claims.
Unlike other unrecognized Bedouin villages with longstanding land claims, the Bedouin of Umm Al-Hiran were leased government land but were never given ownership of it. They have rejected Israeli offers of free land in a nearby township in exchange for leaving.
"When you can have land for free with no strings attached, why would you accept less land for free with some strings attached?" said Avi Briggs of Regavim, an organization supporting what its website calls a "Jewish and Zionist agenda" with regard to land issues in Israel. The group supports the government's relocation plan.
Abu Alkiyan says the roughly 600 people in his village would be willing to be a part of the new Hiran development, but doubts the new community would accept them. He says they would also be willing to move to a new location where Israel could ensure their rural lifestyle, but says Israel has not made such an offer.
Abu Alkiyan, who owns a furniture store in Hura, says he refuses to move there, claiming that it is stricken with violence and that his rural village is safer and more suited to his way of life. For two hours each evening after work, he takes his flock out to pasture, he said, playing a video on his smartphone of a group of white goats amid clumps of green.
（転載終）
この頃、一つだけ後悔しているのが、旅の途中、パイプス先生から個人的にマレーシアのリサーチについて「バス・トーク」をするよう依頼されたのに、結局は辞退してしまったことだ。
35名中（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150511）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150513）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150810）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150821）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150830）、他の数名もお声がかかっていて、国防総省陸軍所属のシリンスキー氏（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150823）による過激なイスラーム主義の問題、メルボルン在住のおばあちゃまのカバラ思想、オックスフォード大学でローマ史を専攻する息子さんがご自慢の精神科医アイダさん（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150512）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150906）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily2/20150901）によるムスリム改革女性の支援、同じくオックスフォード大学生のお兄さんとご両親と一緒にカナダから参加したペンシルヴェニア大学の学生さんによるサウジアラビアでのビジネス研修目的の滞在経験、恵まれない生い立ちの女の子達を集めて博士号を取得できるまでに成長させたグループを率いるニーナさんのお話を、連日、バスの中で聞いた。一人5分ほどで、いずれも印象的だった。だが、例によってメモを取りながら聞いているうちに、あまりにも他の方達のお話が素晴らしくて、私のマレーシア話など霞んでしまうのではないか、と勝手に引き下がったのだった。
パイプス先生は、「あんたの英語はパーフェクトだ、気にするな」（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150511）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150514）といつも激励してくださり、意見表明をするよう促される。だが如何せん、十歳も離れた弟から「こいつ、英語が全然できん！」と人前で言われたり、マレーシア研究会でも「こっちの知らない話をするな！」と阻止する人がいたりして（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20070926）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20071215）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20080310）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20090108）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20101105）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20130503）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20130906）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150311）、今にして思えば、置かれた劣悪な環境から押しつけられた深層意識が染み込んでいて、いざという時、なかなか踏み込めないのが残念でならない。
帰国後、バス・トークの話をすると、主人は「僕だったらやってみるな。せっかく、長年、国内外のテレビにも出ているパイプス氏からお声がかかったんだよ。滅多とないチャンスじゃないか」と言った。こういう積極的な考えの人達と早くから人生を共にすべきだったのだと思う。
ベドウィン問題は、人類学的に見てもなかなか難しい側面があるが、私の立場は、心理的なベドウィン環境からの脱皮例として、部分的に参考になる点もあるのではないだろうか。
（https://twitter.com/ituna4011）
『日本の敵 よみがえる民族主義に備えよ』宮家邦彦（文春新書）（ http://www.amazon.co.jp/dp/4166610333/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_IFGjwb08475SS …）が今日届いた。ポイント付き。宮家氏のコメントは大凡頷け、安心して読み聞きできるので入手。
（転載終）
宮家氏については、過去ブログの言及（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20120321）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20121129）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20140523）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150310）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150313）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20150528）をどうぞ。
