相違と共通項から学ぶ日々 - ブログ版『ユーリの部屋』

ツィッターからの転載です。従来との違いは、ダニエル・パイプス先生のツィッターに私が応答している点です。

（https://twitter.com/DanielPipes）

1. Daniel Pipes ‏@DanielPipes Feb 9
#AlanDershowitz wins, #NormanFinkelstein loses. Marginzalized, NF is thinking about teaching in Iran or Turkey http://urbantimes.co/2014/01/norman-finkelstein-interview/ …

2. Lily2 ‏@ituna4011 Feb 9
@DanielPipes Thank you for this news! I remember your previous debate with Finkelstein. But Norm Chomsky will be coming to Tokyo soon....

ここで私が「覚えている」と書いた討論は、英語ブログ（http://pub.ne.jp/itunalily/?search=20519&mode_find=word&keyword=Finkelstein）をご覧ください。ノーム・チョムスキー氏（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20120312）は、3月5日と6日に上智大学で開催予定の連続講演のため来日されるそうです。トピックは人権と自由の擁護について。パイプス先生は、その昔、チョムスキー氏とも討論されたようですが、言語学者というより陰謀論家だとの認識を持っていらっしゃるので（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20120524）、来日講演についても「残念だね」と。

今し方見つけた最新ツィッターです。

（https://twitter.com/DanielPipes）

1. Daniel Pipes ‏@DanielPipes 2h
#Egyptian government takes total control of #mosque sermons: http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/5355/17/Thousands-of-mosques,-one-speech.aspx … Am still wondering if this iron-fist approach can work.

2. Lily2 ‏@ituna4011 12m
@DanielPipes As far as I know, the Malaysian government did the same control of mosque sermons at least in the 1990s.

そのエジプトのカイロ発行英字新聞の記事は、以下の通り。

（http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/5355/17/Thousands-of-mosques,-one-speech.aspx）
“Al Ahram”
‘Thousands of mosques, one speech’　Issue No.1183, 6 February 2014

The Ministry of Religious Endowments is obliging all the country’s mosques to give the same Friday sermons, reports Mohamed Abdel-Baky
“Protecting and helping the poor is the duty of the society, and all of us have to contribute to ending poverty in order to guarantee social cohesion,” Mustafa Abdel-Mohsen, a preacher at Al-Rahma Mosque in Giza said during last Friday’s sermon.

For the first time, Abdel-Mohsen was not free to choose the topic of his sermon as he used to do during Friday prayers. Instead, he had received a letter from the Ministry of Religious Endowments setting out the topic and the main points he should talk about.

On 31 January, mosques across Egypt received instructions on the first ever unified Friday sermon. The ministry chose the theme as part of a ministerial plan to “improve the Islamic dawa [preaching] and make it more effective”, according to a government official statement.

By means of a ministerial decree, all preachers will have to abide by the topic and main points set out in advance by the ministry when delivering their Friday sermons, these being available on the ministry’s Website. When giving their sermons they will have to bear in mind that no deviation from the official theme will be tolerated.

In a statement released on January 27, the Ministry of Religious Endowments said that it was responsible for Friday prayers and rites and that it would decide on the topics discussed in all Egyptian mosques during Friday sermons.

Under the new decree, the ministry will release a monthly plan on its Website with topics to be discussed every Friday, followed by a more detailed description for each topic released on a weekly basis.

The statement said that the decision was necessary in order to promote preaching “with wisdom and good faith” that did not involve political or sectarian biases and that was in accordance with the interests of society.

The topics for this month include the role of young people in building society, hope and work, science and reason, and environmental protection and its importance for development.

The statement said that the ministry would monitor mosques in order to ensure that the decree was implemented. Strict measures would be taken against preachers violating the decree, it said, adding that preachers not following the prescribed topics could be replaced by others.

In its reaction to the new decree, the Deputy Secretary General of the Al-Nour Salafist Party, Shaaban Abdel-Alim, said that implementing a policy of this sort nationwide would be “nearly impossible” and that it would not serve people’s needs.

“Each mosque discusses the needs and problems of its own area,” which may be unrelated to the topics set by the ministry, he said.

However, supporters of the decree said that it was necessary in order to stop preachers stirring up political tensions and using mosques to struggle against the government. They argue that the job of the preachers should be limited to spiritual matters and social problems and not deal with politics.

Ahmed Omar Hashem, a member of the Al-Azhar Scholars Authority, said it was necessary at this time to guide preachers to talk about issues that unite the people instead of dividing them into supporters and opponents of the government.

“Preachers are allowed to urge citizens to participate positively in the political system. However, they are not allowed to instruct them on which political party they should belong to. That is why the government insists that all mosques should stay away from politics,” he added.

Hashem said that over the last three years many mosques had hosted non-accredited preachers who were not graduates from Al-Azhar and who had presented extremist views in their sermons.

“I think it is time that there should be regulations to organise preaching in Egypt, in order to avoid both politics and extremism,” he said.

However, some religious activists accused the government of imposing restrictions on freedom of speech.

Sheikh Fekry Ismail, a former official at the Ministry of Religious Endowments, said that the decision “took the country back” to the time of late president Gamal Abdel-Nasser when the socialist regime had restricted all kinds of freedoms.

He added that not all the people were interested in just one topic and the government should consider differences between people living in different places. “Why would people living in a poor village be interested in the same topic as those living in a city,” Ismail asked.

Ahmed Al-Bahy, the coordinator of Imams without Restrictions, a movement that calls for more independent preaching, said that the regulation would not last longer than a few months.

He listed the difficulties that would face its implementation, saying that it would not be easy for the government to monitor thousands of mosques across the country and preachers living in small villages did not have access to the Internet.

Preachers themselves have been viewing the decree as a form of interference by the government in their affairs, and they have asked how preachers are to do their jobs effectively if they are not allowed to express their opinions freely.

“I do not think it is the mission of the government to interfere in preaching. I expect that now they will even instruct us to defend their policies in the Friday sermons,” said Mahmoud Nakrawy, a preacher at one of the Giza mosques.

He added that most preachers were professionals and were educated at Al-Azhar, making them able to guide the people without the need of the government.

“Should we understand that the people in the ministry are the only ones who know what is good and what is bad for this country,” he asked.
(End)

厳密に言えば、非ムスリマの私が知る限り、マレーシアのモスク説教の政府による管理は、どのモスクでも同一説教をするかどうかまでは確かではありません。少なくとも、過激なイスラーム主義がマレー共同体に入り込まないように、説教者のイマームが政府任命の担当者だったり、説教内容がチェックされていたという話を見聞しました。
そうはいっても、9.11のテロにつながる会合がクアラルンプールで開かれていたり（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20110926）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily2/20130924）、中東留学組やメッカ巡礼を通してできた情報の流れと人脈によって、国内のイスラーム主義政党と与党マレー民族主義政党との確執が絶えなかったこともまた事実。自由にすれば、過激な文言ばかり並べるクルアーン解釈の可能性も排除できず、さりとて全モスクを時の政府が管理するとなれば、まさに神様付きの社会主義的な全体主義体制の具現化になり、どっちもこっちといったところ。要するに、政教分離という意味での世俗化ができていないのが、現在のムスリム世界の大問題だということでしょうか。

（https://twitter.com/ituna4011）

Lily2 ‏@ituna4011 7m
"Bias: A CBS Insider Exposes How the Media Distort the News" by Bernard Goldberg (http://www.amazon.com/dp/0060520841/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_Flh-sb0N7YYTVNNV …) arrived here today.
(End)

実は私、反セム主義の再興といいながらも、ユダヤ系の知的水準の高さや勤勉さや教育重視の伝統や聖書解釈の独自性を長らくうらやましく思っていました。アメリカで最も伸び伸びと才能を開花させることのできたユダヤ系が、生き残りをかけて、世界にネットワークを張り巡らした情報通の習慣によって、ジャーナリズムやマスメディアで活躍するのは、むしろ当然だと思っていました（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20130613）。そこに、差別や偏見の入り込む余地などなく、むしろ、見習うべきモデルだとさえ長年思っていました。
しかしながら、廣淵先生は次のように淡々と書かれています。

「著者はゴールドバーグという姓が示すとおり、ユダヤ人である。自分の出自についても淡々と明かし、ユダヤ系であることのデメリットについて率直に語っている。少年時代から名前および顔つきによって受けた差別、取材先でどこか「うさんくさい記者」という目で見られた体験についての記述は、非常に具体的で胸を打つものがある」（『みるとす』2014年2月号 No.132, p.41）。

確かに、パイプス先生もしばしば、私に愚痴をこぼされていました。日本の「反ユダヤ主義」は無知からくるものだと判断されてのことでしょうか（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20120528）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20120620）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20130508）（http://d.hatena.ne.jp/itunalily/20130510）、「ユダヤ人のメディア・コントロールなんて話、もううんざりだよ」と。そして、既にウェブサイトに掲載されている邦訳には、その時「これ読んでご覧」と示されたアドレスからのものも含まれています。